Electrophysiology Instramentation and Design Essay

Electrophysiology Instramentation and Design - Essay ExampleIntroduction some human body organs manifest their body movements through electric activities (Greddes & Baker, 1989). A fair manakin is the heart which produces an electric signal, called an electrocardiogram. In the brain, thither is a signal produced called the electroencephalogram (EEG). Eyes produce an electro-oculogram. When these and more(prenominal) other body electrical signals be measured, it becomes possible to measure the pathological functions of the organs (Bonow & Mann 2011). In this paper, there result be an explanation of the state of the art systems and the particular performance motivations that have led to the electrophysiological measurements, their principles of operation, and how they atomic number 18 practically implemented. The article will also look at the role played by engineering science in collaboration with synthetic biology and the fundamental essence of automation in the technology. T he paper will then be followed by a fundamental look of the recent commercial systems in proportion to the systems used for research and development. Background Measurement context and problems The electrophysiological measurements or the bio potentials originate from the electric activities taking tail end at the cellular levels. ... The separations take place inside and outside the cell. Due to this difference, there is production of a resting potential. there are cells that can be excited resulting to an action potential that can lead to lively movement of ions across the cell membranes responding to the stimulation of the electricity in the cells electric gradient. When the cells are electrically excited, they produce current in the surrounding conducting areas which then manifests itself as the bodys potential. There are various bio potentials in human organs (Stober 1986). Physical Background and measurements context The electrophysiological measurements are do feasible through the use of the right materials in design. The designs of the amplifiers should be perfect for acquiring of best feel measurements. Other quality determinant factors are using good electrodes, properly applying them on the patient and good clinical practices. There are various electrodes that can be used for electrophysiological measurements. Some of the distinguishing features in the electrodes are security, good conduction, less susceptibility to lesser junction potential substances. In order to have a very good contact between the skin and the electrode, an electrode gel is used. When the gels are highly conductive, there is simplification of resistance as well as the junction potential. One of the limitations of using these gels is being that they are causative agents for allergies. Another limitation is the movement of the skin against the electrode, something that causes artefact. Such movements produce motion artifact due to the ever-changing electrode junction to th e skin potential. This effect is however reduced through the reduction of movements on unnecessary

Prison life and strategies to decrease recidivism Essay

Prison life and strategies to decrease recidivism - sample ExampleWith these facts in mind, this research seeks, among other things, to further look into the daily happenings at a representative American prison. And more importantly, it also seeks to address the need to prevent recidivism and to reintegrate offenders into society.In his book wickedness and Punishment in America (1998), Elliott Currie tells us that the American approach to violent crime is out of poise and just plain wrong. Despite Americas heavy reliance on jails and prisons as deterrents to crime, at that point in time, it still held the worst level for violence among the developed countries. The idea of America be soft on crime, he says, is a myth. Whatever some may argue, the fact is that crimes response to punishment is unpredictable.He goes on to quote John DiIulio, who explains that the money spent to put a criminal behind bars prevents two or three more from committing crime. Also, according to James Wils on, disrespect the expense involved in maintaining prisons, the benefits, in terms of crimes avoided, far outweigh the cost. The problem is that, even after 25 years as of his writing (and in fact, even to this very day), the vast amount of hard cash spent on prisons has done little to make violent crime respond consistently. And despite this, the American public still insists on the effectiveness of the penitentiary system.As an example, Currie cites the female inmates sentenced on the most meek of offenses, such as drug charges or property crimes connected to such dependencies and how their imprisonment has left multitudes of children parentless. In this case the system fails to account for the greater costs involved substitute care, welfare dependency, and even manageable delinquency and/or drug addiction. Another more direct example is how the lack of serious vocational training in most prisons leads inmates to leave it even more ill-prepared for the

Scenario Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Scenario - Essay ExampleSymonds case go away be discussed. First, it will be discussed what the teleology and deontology arefollowed by the definitions for assault, battery, false imprisonment, and remissness. The teleology of what occurred, or what was the end process, was abuse. The deontology of what occurred, or what was the duty of obligationwere principles that were violated. dishonour is defined as a tort of violence against some ace. Battery is defined as unlawful personal contact (Staunton & Chiarella, Pp. 25). False imprisonment is being held against adepts will. Negligence is failing to act upon ones duty of upkeep. III. Theory and Principle (300 words) Ms. Symonds case is a classic case of aged abuse. According to Green (2003), Despite growing concern about the problem, most countries countenance not passed peculiar(prenominal) elder abuse legislation (Green, Pp.118). In theory, and in principle, there are so m whatever things legal injury with this situation tha t the list is seemingly endless. Regarding the theory and principles to be set forth, there were so many things disparage with this scenario. The patients rights were violated in many ways, which is the main principle or theory that, establish on a moral model, would have been inexcusable had this happened in real life in any type of care settingwhether it be in the home, in the hospital, or in a treat home. Allison left no written directives with her organization. According to Breen et al. (2010), In all instancesverbal instructions must be confirmed in writing within 24 hours or as soon as is practical (Breen & Plueckhahn, Pp.288). Using the moral model, one sees that the various ethical dilemmas that are involved in this entire outline which was set up to analyse. Of course, it is not practical that one nurse should have had to deal with a womanhood who was a bit unstable as Ms. Symond. However, that was no excuse to leave the womans home, go away her basically helpless, wh ile she (the new nurse, Allison) went to lunch and expected someone else (a neighbour) to take care of poor Ms. Symond. In any case, based upon the moral model, Ms. Symond was done an utter injustice. In principle, e rattlingone who can be blamed for her negligence should be sued with every last stripe of the law that applies to her situation. She was a victim of elder abuse, and no one should have to weather such a horrible experienceas it stands (Skene, Pp. 123). IV. Torts (900 words) Regarding torts, first of all, the nurse named Allison should be charged with neglect due to her lack of duty of care on the part of Ruth, the patient. She should not have forced any kind of treatment on Rutheven if she thought it was best for her to do a compression dressing. Instead, Allison should have followed Ruths directives or wishes unless she did not have the power of attorney. It was very careless of Allison to simply tell Ruth that she would leave her walker out in the hallway till someon e came back around lunchtimea neighbour, no lessto check up on her. That nurse was so careless that she should be stripped of her licensure due to that foul-up. As a result, when trying to go to the bathroom, Ruth slipped and received a lacerationwhich is a deep cuton her head. Not only this, scarcely Ruth was also attended to by careless paramedics who didnt transfer her over to the appropriate care unit until she was discovered some time later, not having been attended to yet. Both on the parts of Allison and the

Romania Risk Assessment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words - 1

Romania Risk Assessment - Assignment ExampleHazards identified at the level if power and de start outment and also those in the process were assessed in the process of venture assessment. These hazards were categorized into four groups that include Transportation, Civil, Technological and Natural.In the second stage, entails the reflection of the total endangerments presented by the hazard that is identified. At this point, the group comes unneurotic to undertake the process of risk assessment in Romania. During the period of assessment, some of the two issues that argon constitute and need to be considered are the likelihood assessment and the potential impact examination. The criteria of the likelihood and impact are to be used as the basis for decision making. The system of classification is based on a risk assessment guide in the major management of emergency (DEHLG, 2010). In determining the types of risk that exists it is wise to show the relative lively hood of the risk o ccurrence against its impactThe risk of inundate that is explained by the Romanian Academy Geography Institution extended the distribution site of the sites of Seveso this provided an opportunity for these areas to be categorized as areas that are prone to Natech event. In Romania, areas that are categorized as flood risk occupy a larger surface hence increasing the probability of the occurrence of Natech with the major front flooding. The largest area of the site of Seveso that could be affected by the floods is located in the central and westmostern part of Romania. Sites of Seveso can also be found in Mures, Hunedoara and Alba counties. However, other counties in Romania which do not acquire the Seveso Sites and have a high risk of being affected by the floods are majorly at the west and they include Olt-South, Caransebes-South-West, Giurgiu, and Caras (European Environment Agency, 2010).The year 2003 was exceptional when view from a climatic point. Most of the part of

Benefits of a four-year residential colleges Essay

Benefits of a four-year residential colleges - Essay utilisationThe consideration of the four-year residential colleges by Murray is quite significant in that the study on its benefits and weakness take in its enormousness. Since not everybody can access university education subject to limitations of resources, pass marks required, and the motivation for skills, it is thus requirement to analyze other alternative sources of practical and vocational education that include the Four-Year residential Colleges. According to Murray, the enquiry as to whether too m any people are going to colleges, forces us to consider the importance and temperament of a liberal education. He notes that since universities seek to provide knowledge and skills that lead to productivity and capability among citizens and then unlimited number of people should seek this knowledge (Murray 222). He however realizes that solely Americans should acquire primary or the center knowledge that denotes their identity. This knowledge emanates from elementary tame to eighth grade and is necessary for all. Henceforth, Murray notes that the core knowledge approach should proceed after the eighth grade to at least high school level thereby allowing interested students to pursue relevant courses in social sciences and humanities. He equally acknowledges the need to access liberal college education by faculty memberally fitted students. Indeed, he denotes that college education is tough, more undecomposed and thus has stricter requirements. However, he establishes the fact that most of the students who apply ability in liberal education conspicuously lack interest in it subject to its boredom and difficultness. As such, he reckons that many academically able students choose to pursue practical and vocational education that takes four-years in a residential college (Murray 222-225). Subject to the importance of college education that entails studies in medicine, law, accountants, software developers, journalists, teachers, football coaches and other courses, college education is thus inevitable in any nation. Nevertheless, the time it takes, the resources, the level of knowhow required, and the significance of distinct courses in the society warrants a consideration unto the benefits of Four-Year residential Colleges. Four-Year Residential Colleges offers a wide variety of living, dining, and entertainment options for all level of students. It equally creates a learning gentle wind that allows superb interactions between junior students, upper-class students and graduate students thus encouraging fruitful discussions relating to both college-based academic and nonacademic programs. Additionally, residential colleges offered better library services, many scholarship opportunities, and utmost interaction between students and teachers. Nevertheless, the need to have Four-Year Residential Colleges faces huge demerits that surpass the benefits. Hence, the notion that Fo ur-Year Residential Colleges are not beneficial after all (Murray 228-230). Indeed, the four years spent in residential college studying courses like interior design, hotel management, social acetify and other courses excluding medicine and law are not reasonable. Indeed, such courses can take a lesser time hence diluting the benefits of Four-Year Residential Colleges. In addition, the advantage of having a physical library in the Four-Year Residential Colleges faces extinction by the fact that capable students can easily

A Search on the Word Hysterical Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A Search on the Word Hysterical - Essay Example maven of the sources for the condition hysteric took up the psychoanalytic perspective of the word, explaining why a person would be hysteric through relating it with development especially during childhood.2 Here, the same symptoms of furor- lack of control of emotions- are seen as defining the personality. Hence, the opinion of a hysteric personality arises, where the individual experiences the symptoms of hysteria continually rather than isolated. The hysterical person has a neurotic condition underlying the neurotic symptoms observed. The seam of the hysterical personality is traced from fixation at angiotensin converting enzyme point during the individuals development. Here, the individual is seen to be fixated at the infantile stage from where they cannot achieve actuality as adult human beings. This source also argues that hysterical personality, just as compulsive personality, manifests in multiple ways and cannot be entir ely described as a homogenous occurrence among the individuals. The very origin of the word in this case is the Greek word hyster which translates to uterus. A closer look at the federal agency of language in culture explains the observation of the disconnect between the uterine Greek source of the word and the contemporary meaning. It is state that, in the male dominated culture, language treats things of greater significance or cheer as being masculine and those of lesser significance as feminine.3 This is clearly manifested in the word hysterical a lack of control of emotions is perceived as negative, and associated with femininity as indicated by the source of the word-uterus. In contrast, a positive aspect such as moral worth is described by immaculate whose origin is vir the Greek word for man. Here, it is clear that language helps mirror dominant social perceptions and eve aids in their perpetuation as in the case of the word hysterical. Another perspective of the hyster ia can be obtained through establishing the person using the language. For an individual not well versed in medicine or semantic development of language, hysteria bears a totally different and independent meaning4. To this population, arguably the majority, the original basic meaning of the word hysteria is lost. Whereas psychoanalysts and doctors historically viewed the word as conveying symptoms of psychiatrical disorder, to the contemporary world the word means string emotional reactions. The original word loses its description of a personality status in a patient and describes a state of emotions even in a normal person. In daily use, hysteria even takes light meanings of very funny such as when used to describe a joke. Here, it is clear that the original meaning of the words is lost or elusive to trace for the majority of people, and the debate on the word remains constrained to sociological standpoint perspectives. The assorted views on the lexicology of the word hysteria b ring forth the question of when persons who hold different meanings of the word interact. It is noted that although the word may have lost its Greek uterine original meaning, the Greek element mute persists in English medical terms such as hysteroscopy and hysterectomy.5 However, the dominant meaning for the word hysterical is uncontrolled emotions by both men and women, without any reference to the uterus. Haliday and Teubert cite an example of a conflict of meanings on the word a witness had described a man as being hysterical to which the lawyer had brought forth the uterine source of the wor

COP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

COP - Essay ExampleMore importantly, COPS serves as the vehicle for the shift of uprightness enforcement from its tralatitious form to a more proactive form known as community policing, which focuses more on crime prevention by putting police officers on beats where they can mingle and interact more with the members of the communities (Myers, 19).The community partnership component of community policing is an acknowledgment that justice enforcers alone cannot prevent crimes, yet need the involvement of the community and other stakeholders. Thus, community partnership aims at the collaborative partnerships between the law enforcement agents and members of the community such as the community members and groups, other establishment agencies, providers of services and non-profit organizations, private businesses and the media. Other government agencies may refer to federal and state legislatures and other law-making bodies, prosecutors, probation and parole boards and officers, publ ic works departments, law enforcement agencies of inhabit communities, health and human services, child support services, ordinance enforcement schools. Community members and groups, on the other hand, refer to the residents indoors the law enforcers argona as well as visitors or tourists to that area and commuters, which law enforcers can meet during town hall meetings, neighborhood association meetings and beat assignments. Nonprofit/service providers are those who provide services to the residents and other persons in the area for free, while businesses are those engaged in profit-earning enterprises in the area such as the members of the local chamber of commerce (COPS 2009, pp. 5-6).Partnerships appreciate that the police cannot be able to face crime without the involvement of the public, and it encourages relationships among the different stakeholders to fight crime. Collaborative partnerships between law enforcement agencies, organizations and individuals will improver th e levels of trust

Housing Market Post and Pre Recession Lab Report

Housing Market Post and Pre Recession - Lab Report exampleAs a result, this recession ended for four quarters. Finally, the last recession that occurred, took place not so pertinacious ago. It started in the 4th quarter of 2007 and lasted until the 2nd quarter of 2009. As can be verified from show 1 below, all these recessions by definition are identified with bar markers in periods that have followed such declines in GDP for three consecutive quarters. An important point to note here is that the length of the recessions has increase over time. The first and second recessions in the duration lasted for two quarters, the third lasted for four quarters and the fresh recession has lasted for seven consecutive quarters. The cyclical pattern of existent GDP is also evident from var. 1. In the initial period, right after the recession, the percentage change of GDP rose shrewdly until the maiden quarter of 1984 and then stabilized and expressed some volatility and then started fal ling in the last quarter of 1989. The decline continued and became a recession lasting for two quarters. The ensuing climb was volatilizable, save the trend was positive until GDP result reached a peak of 10.25% in the 2nd quarter of 2002. It started declining sharply there on and this drop became the 4 quarter long recession of 2001. There was a volatile and slow but steady climb until the last quarter of 2006 whereon the GDP growth rate started plummeting and this tag the onset of the modish recession. The decline in the rate of growth of GDP was most substantial during this latest recession. Figure 1 Movement of GDP The first indicator of the housing market that will be considered is the real(a) average housing price. These are presented in Figure 2 along with the markers for recessions. The movements of the housing prices show very strong cyclical behaviour. Further, taking a closer look reveals that the trends almost mirror those of the real GDP growth, although the vola tility is substantially lower. The movements of the housing prices on average are smoother, though the beginnings and the endings of the cyclical rises and go coincide with those of the real GDP growth in general. Figure 2 Movement of average real house prices Next we turn to Figure 3 which presents the movements of months supply of houses for the period downstairs consideration. From the graph we see that months supply of houses falls in periods during or immediately pastime a recession. This is in contrast to housing prices which we saw follow the pattern of real GDP growth and, thus, slow down before the onset of the recession and start rising during recoveries. Figure 3 Movements in months supply of housing Specifically, from Figure 3 we find out that months supply has at peace(p) down following all recessions in general. Following the recession of 1982, housing supply has reflected as push aside decline in overall trend, although it has hovered around an average. The decli ne is more pronounced in the aftermath of the beside recession. There was a substantial decline in this phase and the declining trend continued onto the third recession. It picked up around early 2005 and sharply rose reflecting the housing bubble and reached its peak in the middle of the fourth recession. Another point worth noting from the graph is that the series has exhibited significant volatility and the latter seems to reflect a lagged reaction to it in the GDP series. The final indicator we look upon in this discussion is the dynamics of

Can Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Can - Essay ExampleThis means that each culture postulate other cultures to help it have a better understanding of itself and expand its intellectual horizon therefore saving it from narcissism. Thirdly, each culture is plural internally and in a commodious way reflects a continuing conversation between its strands of thought and different traditions.Canada is among the increasingly ethnically and culturally diverse nation. The major response to the diversity is the official multiculturalism which was introduced in the early 1970s. Despite the fact that multiculturalism is almost 40 age old, it nevertheless remains one of the highly controversial and debated issue in the country (Tierney). This paper analyses the versatile symbiotic derivatives with regard to the Canadian multiculturalism include issues of racism, ethnic and cultural diversity, belonging, immigration, colonization, and hegemonic power.Canada is a country of immigrants who have in a great way altered the ethnic makeup. This makes it a constitution of wide array of mingled group with own social and political practices. The pattern of immigration has led to diversity in ethnicity and culture. It has withal resulted in cultural and ethnic discrimination which has been a major drawback.This space helps us to understand the matter and regional identity through the stone carvings on the parliament hill. The country has the only Parliament buildings in the world where the stone carving is still in application continuously. This is a unique feature that helps us identify the parliament of Canada. The peace tower has more than 350 carvings.The parliament has been undergoing various renovations even though the passage is difficult and expensive when the building is still in use. Through this, the government has played a great part in giving the Canadas parliament a facelift to ensure that it is well retained through

Business Regulatory Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business regulatory Law - Essay ExampleThe federal government can make arrangements for the protection f the world from the pollution that flows down from other states. The federal government expects the local governments to put into effect national environmental laws, including the Clean Water Act. However, the federal government has some concerns if the state and local governments are non managing the inspections in a timely manner. The federal government also has concerns that the Environmental auspices Agency (EPA) is not pastime through.A resident f Erehwon, Ms. Kelly Bates has accused Alumina, Inc. f frequently contaminating the waters f Lake Dira with carcinogenic effluents, and has altogethereged that the consumption f the water is the prime cause f her 10 year nonagenarian daughters leukemia. Ms. Bates also alleges that her daughters illness maybe as old as Aluminas first environmental law violation. The calamity occurred five years ago. Alumina Inc. was reported to be in violation f an environmental acquittance into Lake Dira. Alumina followed through and cleaned the spill up and the violation was corrected (UOP, 2007).People in a local newspaper, The Erehwon Reporter, seemed to want to keep the fire burning. Kelly Bates threatened to file a $5 million personal defacement case against Alumina Inc. to recover compensatory and punitive damages. Ms. Bates alleged that Aluminas careless conduct is the immediate cause f her daughters illness in though this occurred five years ago and the company has not had any tho problems (UOP, 2007). The Scientific report on water pollution has rendered Ms. Bates claim unsubstantiated.Regulations and Legal IssuesThere are a few very important facts that include regulations and legal issues that are present within the Alumina exemplar and they are as follows Regulation f Business. There should be written roles and regulations that coincide with Federal and take laws. The regulations should be followed at all times with an Environmental supervisor in place to document all key findings.Alumina does not have any written regulations that match with the State and Federal governments at this time. The employees need these practices and references in place to ensure that they are following the laws that have been made.Environmental PolicyThe case Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) was passed in 1970 along with the Environmental Quality Improvement Act, and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). These federal enactments were to put into place to ensure that the environment would be protected against both the habitual and private actions (Environmental lawyers, 1997).Alumina was reported to be in violation f an environmental discharge into Lake Dira. However, correspond to the EPA, Alumina quickly responded to the allegation and cleaned-up the Lake. The violation within the organization was promptly corrected and Alumni have not had another incident.Ethical IssuesEthical issues such moral v alues, beliefs and principles are considered as foundation f civilize society. People follow these values on a day to day basis.

Capital punishment and the death penalty Annotated Bibliography

Capital punishment and the finish penalty - Annotated Bibliography poserThey explain the stand of the church on the matter with supportive cultivation from the bible.The author of this book discusses death penalty, providing an overview of its execution and a critically analysis this form of punishment with the question whether it is a fair reply or a moral failure. At some(a) point, he looks at it as a giving medication/state-sponsored killing and argues that it has a net brutalization effect of killing of more innocents.This book looks into the universal abolishment of death penalty and the importance of abolishing it, evaluating it against human life (i.e. death penalty versus human life). It also looks into the families of some(prenominal) the condemned and the homicide victim.The author of this article tries to evaluate the forces that account for the legality of death penalty including social and political sources. By evaluating racial/ethnic threat theories, he explains why death penalty is present in some jurisdictions and absent in others.This article looks into two aspects of the question whether it is okay to implement death penalty the honourable aspect and the epistemological one. That is, the morality of executions and the necessary burden of proof/the epistemological argument.This book critically evaluates peachy punishment, which it presents as a form of punishment that follows the rule an eye for an eye. It also offers statistical information on the support that death penalty receives from various regions.This article features the Council of Europes view on death penalty. The views are that death is not justice death penalty is not a tick against crime the justice system can and does make mistakes human rights apply to everyone and murderer should not be made into martyrs.The authors of this article attempt to answer the question whether capital punishment is morally required. They do so by narrowing down into the acts,

Scientific misconduct Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Scientific mess up - Essay Exampleon the other hand, refers to manipulating research equipment, materials, or processes or omitting (changing) results or data such(prenominal) that the study is not correctly represented in the records. Plagiarism is the stealing of another individuals processes, ideas, words or results without giving proper credit. Scientific misconduct has dire consequences (Broad & Wade, 1982). It can ruin careers of researchers who wittingly write publications based on false research. If this is done by clinical researchers, some patients may sanction due to the wrong information on different types of treatment. A proper example is an article on fraud by Lancet published in Wakefield et al. (1999) (Koocher & Keith 2010). It linked a vaccine against measles, mumps, and rubella to autism. This caused a massive drop in vaccinations that could have resulted in several deaths, in children who were not protected.Falsification besides does delay scientific progress es pecially when researchers misuse research funds, as well as shove along time, following false research. A case in point is false claims by physicist Jan Hendrik Schon that he had make high performance plastic transistors, plus the worlds organic laser. This resulted in several laboratories cachexy resources and years trying to duplicate his findings (Koocher & Keith 2010). Scientific misconduct ruins the image of the field in which the falsified research is carried out. It diminishes opinion in accomplishment. Unfortunately, concrete information on the escalating cases of fabrication or falsifying of research in science is not available. The only estimate of the rise in research misconduct is a survey by Koocher & Keith (2010). According to the findings, approximately 1.5% of all research done annually is false. Out of the 155,000 researchers supplied by the National installation of Health (NIH) funding, there were 2,335 incidents of possible misconduct yearly, sixty percent o f them involving falsification or fabrication of data.It is expense

Magical Realism And Transformation Of Characters In Animated Films Case Study

Magical Realism And Transformation Of Characters In joyous Films - Case Study ExampleThe numerous character transformations beat been used to highlight or describe the social changes of the time some of which may include the changing women rights, homosexual issues and increasing transformations regarding birthrights and abortion rights among others (Moritz, 1996, 49). It has also been widely suggested that the transformations may induce been used as a satirical anti-Nazi parable. Generally, although the silhouette artforms may have been made to target children, Lotte Reiniger may also have infused social responsibility.Some of the major characters that have undergone character transformation in the movie include Peri Banu and the African magician. For example, the African magician frees himself from the chains and transforms into a bat and attempts to seek out Ahmed before the Prince chases him back to human form. The first appearance of the African conjuror/magician shows him slowly unfold in the medium of close up with his fingers undergoing spider like articulations (Moritz, 1996, 48). As he transforms into various creatures, the consistency of the African Sorcerer can be seen going through a series of contortions. On the other hand, Aladdin and the magician both engage in a fiery charming due to each transforming into various creatures (Warner (2011, 401). They, however, soon resume their human form after a era before flinging fireballs at each other. Princess Peri Banu also transforms herself from time to time. In some instances, Peri Banu has a proportionate body with softened mellow and silhouettes with constant grins and smiles while at the time the princess appears as an earthly creature with a frontal appearance.With a lot of plotting this German animation film is the oldest surviving animated motion picture.

Are Small Cap Stocks Influenced Similarly and by the Same Economic Essay

are Small Cap Stocks Influenced Similarly and by the Same Economic Indicators as Large Cap Stocks An Annotated Bibliography - exam ExampleThe study used monthly data from 1974 to 1989 for macro frugal indicators and for the Fed pecuniary policy (as unconditional variables) and used 39 portfolios of 10 value weighted origins from greathearted cap and small cap categories (as reliant variables) to study the capriciousness in stock return. They found that 32% of the stock market return volatility could be apologizeed by the monetary policy which is similar to the finding of Chang, Yeung, & Yip. (2000) below that macroeconomic indicators do not richly explain the stock market movements. It was also found that 96% of the cases showed that a tightening of the monetary policy (reduced money supply) reduced stock returns. Further, the study found that while twain small and large firms were harmed by the disinflationary monetary policy, only large firms benefited from expansionary monetary policy. The study illuminates the bibliographic topic by devising a distinction between small and large cap stocks and the difference in effect of macroeconomic indicators on different stock categories. The authors at the time of the study were Doctoral Students at the University of Pennsylvania. They studied the concern of a set of 21 economic indicators and followed a regression analysis approach to identify whether economic indicators could explain the stock market movements from 1997 to 1999.... They first started with sorting for correlation between the economic indicators and excluded some of them establish on the statistical correlation. For the remaining indicators, they developed a multiple linear regression model to explain the stock price. They found that even after multiple regressions and excluding the insignificant variables, the resulting regression model could not fully explain the stock market movements. This finding is in line with that of Thorbecke and Coppock (1995) above. This study is of importance for the current enquiry as I intend to use a similar methodology for multiple regression on 9 economic indicators in the US that this study found to be statistically significant in their regression model. Vygodina, A. V. (2006). Effects of size and international exposure of the US firms on the relationship between stock prices and exchange rates. Global Finance Journal 17 , 214-23. The author at the time of the study was a Professor at the Department of Finance, CBA, California State University at Sacramento. The research was aimed at studying whether the changes in exchange rates have a difference in impact on the stock prices establish on the size of a firm. The methodology used was to conduct a Granger precedent test to verify the causality from large cap and small cap stocks to the exchange rate. The Granger Causality test was used in the study as it statistically tests whether one time series causes movements in some other ti me series. It was found that while there did exist a statistically significant Granger Causality from large-caps to the exchange rate, there was no causality from small caps. The study also noted that the as both variables are significantly affected by the federal monetary policy and that the nature of relationship

Gendering the Mythic World - Greek myth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Gendering the Mythic World - Hellenic myth - Essay ExampleIt gives the information about the origin of all natural phenomena and mostly reflects the lives of past gods and heroes. The predominance of mythological consciousness refers mainly to the archaic era, associated primarily with its cultural life in the governing body of sense organization, where myth played a dominant role. In myths, people consider the events in a particular time sequence. However, the most consequential place takes not the frames of time, but starting point and sum of money of the story. Later Greek poets of early antiquity refused to use irony in relation to the myths, but open them to strong recycling, elevated by the laws of morality. In the mythological world, authors represent peace as the tribal society that unites its members. It forms a common model of life and behavior. Classical Greek culture was strongly marked by gender segregation. Generally, the public sphere was associated with men, th e domestic, with women. This segregation arises from Greek ideas about the human body and the biological differences between males and womanishs. Although womens bodies and voices were strictly controlled or semi-secluded in most areas of ancient Greek public life, women did have important public roles in one area religious ritual. While women worshipped both male and female divinities and acted as priestesses in cult even as men acted as priests, performing many of the similar activities, Greek ideas about the body affected ritual aspects of nonverbal behavior, especially regarding clothing, voice, and gesture (Calef, S., 2009). The gender relationships in ancient Greek are one of the most interesting issues for the modern scientists. They predetermined the main peculiarities of coexistence of mortals and gods in the ancient world. The aim of this work is to analyze gender relationships in ancient Greek and their valuable features on the basis of myths.In ancient

Converting Arabic sign language to Arabic Text using iPhone(Xcode) and Thesis

Converting Arabic sign language to Arabic Text victimisation iPhone(X cipher) and image processing - thesis Example16 1. Planning.17 2. Design.17 3. Implementation...19 4. Testing21 5. ... This can be a very difficult and time consuming process and the results may not satisfy the maximum keep down of deaf students with selects. This communicate aims to develop an application that can be used by a instruct owner which provide produce an XCode based on Arabic sign language to Arabic text. A number of factors must be considered in order to fit everything together in a schedule. The schooling owner of an institution will provide the data required for the projects development. The application will process the data provided through calculations and comparisons in order to create an XCode that tries to satisfy the needs of the institution. Within this project it will be attempted to complete student scheduling based on various constraints. These constraints relieve oneself been cho sen and will be talked more at length in the paper. However, for now, we know that deaf students need to come on certain days, such as on Monday and Thursday, Tuesday and Friday, and Wednesday and Saturday. This would make three deaf students full(a) so far. Another constraint is that one student will need to come with his brother although they ar taught Arabic at different levels. Also, one student would be coming from 3 to 5 p.m., as he would not be able to come to class during working hours. Altogether, these constraints make six deaf students, possibly more if needed. What is going to happen is that code has been designed in order to reflect these variables using logic programming and tkXCode software. Additionally, the use of C++ code will help in the design of the coding for this project. The code for C++ will be run through the website codepad dot org, and from there appropriate code for Prolog and XCode will be developed. Constraint logic programming (XCODE) will be used

A personalised induction will always be more affective Essay Example for Free

A personalise induction will always be to a greater extent than affectional EssayA individualised induction will always be to a greater extent affective Discuss. launch your answers on theoretical concepts and techniques contributeed in classThis essay will assess the usefulness of personalised inductions in hpn new(prenominal)apy sessions. As well as taking a look at when a personalised screed is non ask and the legion(predicate) a(prenominal) ways there atomic number 18 to assess which style of screed will be close affective. The main body of this essay will focus on the evidence some(prenominal) for and agisnt a personlised screed and flack to provide a conhertent argument with which the reader can make up their own mind. A hypnotic intuction is the tool use by hypnotherypists in order to aid their invitees in achieveing a conquer state, it is know that this is harder for some customers to achieve hence others, it is commonplacey accepted that some clients consider it almost impossible to scope a trance state through hypnosis (Boys and Karle 2010), the majority of clients are however able to achieve light trance states and deeper.The simple occurrence that some clients find it easier to achieve hypnosis then other highlights the potential need for personalised inductions, every body is distinguishable, we all have different likes and dislikes, personalities and indeed life experiences that make us more(prenominal) reactive to different ques. When in a session with a client the dustup we use to build up a trance state are convert importent, more so then in a regular conversation, this is collect to the occurrence that the client generally has their eyes closed and is therefore cut saturnine from a great deal of the everyday comunication ques that aid in understanding each other. Body row is considered to make up 55% of human comunication with tone and volume making up 38% and address come in last making up just 7% of co munication. With address making up such a small percentage of how we comunicate with each other, the need for a personalised induction could be seen as vital, a way of taloring the run-in used so they have more meaning to the client and therefore much more impact. Two of the main typefaces of induction are supercilious and permissive, they are both commute different and have been shown to be in effect(p) in vary different situations with various clients.The authoritarian approch is vary direct and to the point, with the hypnotist playing the role of the authority figure, (Hadley and Staudacher 1996), it is believed that clients that respond outstrip(p) to this style are the ones that respone well to authroity figures in real life, passel with a scientific backgrouds tend to respondwell, this style is in effect(p) on conditions such as anaxity, it is believed that problems such as this are often caused by an authortain figure in childhood and therefore need another authorat ians figure in order to relieve the problem. On the other hand submissive styles tend to invovle the client and therpist as equals, a softer voice is often used and implication are offered rather then comands. The use of more guided imagery waives these inductions to be further personlised to compositors case the clients involve. more imaginative clients respond well to this style and it is perticulary valuabl in aiding clients that wish to achieve certain goals. The fact that these both different styles of inducton have been seen to be more affective on different clients and in different situations is strong eviedence for the need for personalised induction.The age of the client also affects which type of style that is used, it could be arued that children, who reach a peak point of suggestablity at around the age of ten(Boys and Karle 2001) whitethorn be more responsive to a permissive style due to the fact that choldren tend to be more imaginative then older clients. At the other end of the spectrum suggestablity declines with age so a more authertrian style whitethorn be more effective with an older client, it whitethorn also be in part to the fact that socialty was different when an older client was growing up with more importence and respect given to passel with top executive and i higher inclination toward conformity (milgram, 1963). A futher way in which it has been therorised to personalise screeds is to use words that are assoiated with the clients modality. There are three main modalities, kinaesthetic, visual and autitory. Kinaesthetic clients are often vary in tune with their feelings and indeed the feelings of others, they enjoy phyical activity and for the purposes of hypnotic induction respond better to words that decribe feelings and touching things. It has been observered that poeple with this modality will show a prefence for texture and temperature words.Visual clients tend to be vary imaginative and have a tendency to daydream, they are more concerned with how things look, and for the purposes of hypnotic induction find it easier to visualise things. They use a lot of colour references. Lasty autitory clients are vary in tune with euphony and speech, anything that can be learned to, they tend to respond to words that relate to music and speech, such as listen and harmony. personalising introductions to suit modalities is a vital tool in aiding clients in their journey intohypnotic trance, the use of words that relate to the clients primary modality enable them to feel more safe and in control and allow them to more easiely facilitate themsevles in their session, purly due to the fact that the words choosen are ones they relate to more strongly. this is over again strong eviendence for the need and power of personalised inductions. However it will now be considered if a personalised induction is always needed or fact sometimes not possible.The type of suggestion used is also a way of personalising a screed i n order to suit a client. the are two types of suggestion functional, the direct suggestion, which is short and too the point and given as more of a comand. This type of suggestion works better with the above mentioned authoritarian induction due to the fact that in these inducton the therpist is seen more as the authority figure and the client is more likley to respond possitivly by doing what the therpist asks. Indirct suggestion are more symbolic and are more suited for the more imagintive clients, they have been found to be vary usefull when resistence is present as they have a way of seeping into the subcousous symbolically, which the subcounsous responds vary well to. One of the most open-and-shut instences when a less personalised induction is needed is during group therapy. this is not desirable for numerous reasons. As we discussed before everybody is different so what may be effective for one client may take off another less then impressed and uneffective to achieve a satifacory trance state. In these instences a more general induction is required. inductions that are aimed at changing a habbit, such as lay off smoking indutions are also more often then not best if they are not personaliesd, this could be due to the fact that changing a habbit is vary differcult work that may require a vary deep trance and often an authorative induction.Another time when a personlised induction is not needed would be for the purposes of hypnosis cds and Tv shows, again this is due to the fact that the hypnotheripist has no contact with the client and is therefore unable to construct a induction that is personalised for them. in the case of TV shows the hypnotist is talking to thousands of people at once, this brings about a need to create an induction that is extreamly general so as to tranquilize the most members of the audience at once. However it could be considered that a kineasthetic induction could be used as this is the modality that the majorty of peopl e have a perference towards, and may well lead to a deeper trance for peoplewith this modality. is it better to spread word of mouth and gain popularity and notariatly though sucessfully hypnoting more people lightly or less people more sucessfully. There are also a number of induction available in which no verbal comunication are used. these so called non verble hypnotic induction involve enabling the client into an hypnotic trance through the use of a seris of progressivly changes in posture, with the hypnotherapist moving around the room in front of the client. In order to bring the client back up from this trance the movements are just reversed, many people claim that these types of inductions are quite effective.it is clear that the used of inductions such as these would not need to be personalised as no words are used, although the positions may need to be altered and it is possible that with certain clients that have a tendenciy to be less suggestable a longer seires of post ures may be needed in order to achieve the desired level of trance. this type of induction may be vary usefull when dealing with clients that are hard of hearing or indeed deaf. However it mustiness be considered that this induction could be more affective with clients that are more inclined to the visual modaltiy, and in such the cases the use of a non verble induction could be how the therapist has personalised the induction to suit the clients needs in order to achieve the best state possible in order to faciltate the clients goal. It should be state that this is always the main aim of hypnotic induction, so the client recieves the best therapy the therpist can offer. In many of the stage shows and TV programs that feature hypnosis the use of non verble hypnosis is often shown.This is often due to the fact that the perticipants have already been vetted and shown to be highly suggestive, so again this use of non verbal hypnosis could be used highly efficaciously with suggestabl e clients. It has become clear that the use of personalised inductions is vast and far reaching. It is also clear that in many cases the use of an induction that has been designed to cater for the clients personality, age, stage in treatment, modality and affliction is indeed a vary important and valuable tool in therapy and can aid in the depth of trance, cheer of hypnosis session and overall outcome. However on the other hand it can not be denined that this is not alway needed or indeed possible, group therpy sessions, treatment for addictions and pre recorded hypnotherpy sessions all benifit from a more general induction, however it should be pointed out that theneed for a more general induction is not due to the fact that this type of induction is more affective, more due to the fact that it is not plusable to hypnotise so many different people using a personalised induction at one time.In fact in many cases it could be argued that personalised induction may be more affective, on the flip side the use of group therapy has also been shown to be a valuable tool in the recovery of many disorders, which is more benifial, the personalised induction or the good consil that can be achieved with a group of people with similar problems as your own. It would also be important to note that at the make of a therapists career there will most likly be a perfence of the therapist towards a ccertian a style of induction, this may mean that they use a style that is less personalised and not nessacellaly the best for the client, however confidence is key with hypnotic induction so although the therapist should always indevour to use the best induction it may be more benifial for them to use the style they are most comfortable with.In conclution a personalised induction is the more affective choice in a wide die hard of cases, particalary in cases when therapy is likey to be more lengthy. however there are indeed times when a more generalised induction is the most effecti ve route. it should be highlighted that both personalised and general inductions are a choice that is made by the client with the intention of delivering the best therapy possible, in this way even a decision to use a general induction could be considered a personalised chioce due to the fact that this is the route that the therapist deems best to take. In short a personalised induction is the most effective method in the vast majority of cases, however there are instences when this is not the case.

Essay One Description and Narration Essay Example for Free

Essay One Description and Narration EssayAnyone who has ever achieved anything has had to face many obstacles to attain their goals. But what defines their success is never how many obstacles stand in their way, but how many obstacles they overcome. Even though I might have to overcome many tough obstacles in order to stupefy a police officer, I believe that it is important to protect the public and prevent crime. In order to earnings a position in the police force, I will have to pass various examinations, such(prenominal)(prenominal) as a written exam that will be based on correct wording, grammar, recite and punctuation. In my opinion, this exam seems pretty easy because I am good in language humanistic discipline and reading. Perhaps whenever it comes my time to take this examination, I will ace it. The police academy training in any case prep atomic number 18s police officers for active duty. The training probably has to be the hardest obstacle for me because it requ ires intense physical workouts.The first hebdomad in training I will have to run, and do calisthenics, which consists of push-ups, crunches, and jumping jacks. I will in any case have to use the medicine ball to do sit-ups, twist and hand offs, curls presses and extended workouts. Each week I will have to do the sets and reps for these physical workouts and each week the exercises double , so I will have to do double the work. Finding the job as a police officer will definitely be the second hardest obstacle. There will be a lot of competition in order for me to get into police training. In the past, becoming a police officer was non as difficult as it is today. One of themain reasons that getting a police officer jobs is to a greater extent difficult now, is that there are many more(prenominal) applicants than there used to be.Once I am a police officer, I can move into other areas like drug investigation. If I become a drug investigator I will have to have five or more years of police experience. Police dog services, in any case known as K9s is another advancement that I am interested. As K-9 handler I must be able to perform specific tasks with my dog, such as bomb and narcotic detection, human tracking, and finding hidden objects. Or even an explosives disposal technician, which are specialized in training to handle chemical, biological and even nuclear weapons. Out of all these 3 options, the main one that catches my attention has to be a drug investigator. Hopefully when I have a lot of experience in the police force I can work my way up and become a drug investigator or even a police k-9. It will also be personally gratifying to protect the public.

Impressionism and revolution Essay Example for Free

Impressionism and vicissitude EssayImpressionism was st tricked in 1860. It flourished for 3 decades. It mainly took place in genus Paris, France. In fact, Impressionism was against neo-classicism, which was too concentrated on academic exhibition. Impressionism was similarly against Romanticism. By the second half of the eighteenth nose candy the advancement of the individual was taking another meaning(a) step forward, in that cluster of activities in art and literature generally known as Romanticism. It is emotions and feelings. Impressionism is contrasting than Romanticism, although romanticism also wishd to use color they foc employ deeply in interior feeling. Impressionism mainly focused on the light, bow matter, with broad brush stroke. People wanted a treatment of subject matter, a invigorated approach, and commitment to the Realism. During the Impressionism Movement, twenty more color pigments were invented to provide a better casualty for the artistic innova tion, After science and industrial development, tribe started to focus the scenario around them. More than twenty blood-and-guts yellow, green, blue, red, and orange pigments were invented in the midst of 1800 and 1870. The impressionists had more resources to express their theme and the styles through the art work. The color invention permit tonalityers to draw the paints much quicker. As a result, it brought out a bare-assed dynamic revolution, race believed in what their eyes saw, they focused on the color and form in the painting. During that time, people loved painting with Parisian thoughts. Most of them were painting on the living scene of the streets. Industrial and Urbanization Revolution impressionistics depicted a lot of social scenes during the French Industrial and Urbanization revolution.All the developments inherent in Modernism such as increasing secularism, scientific advances, natural and more efficient modes of transportation and the rise of both commu nism and the middle class, were factors in the changes that led to Impressionism. From the Claude Monets, Saint-Lazare, Train billet, 1877 the train was actually what Monet saw, not just his imagination. The paint was luxuriant of energetic feelings from those volatile steams and smoke. Monet was excited about the color he saw at the moment. As a result, he used quick sketches in the paint.The paint showed the very early morning of the Paris Station at a time when people had already started working. The trains had a motion that were coming toward the audience. Industrial revolution was one of the biggest social impacts in the 1860. Monet was the pioneer to Impressionism into Revolution, One certain thing about Impressionism is that it was not the emergent whim of a group of artists working in late-nineteenth-century in France, driven purely by a desire to form a revolution in painting. It was an essential part of the unfolding history of westbound civilization. Monet was conce rned about the effect of light in the painting. By showing the magic of the color combination, we goat realize how Monets interest in science is visible through his drawing. He liked to fall in quick sketch in the paint. While he would repaint the paint again with the same tap over and over again at assorted time, so that the contrast of light movement could be more obvious. Impressionists also showed the urbanization revolution in France. In fact, the government had a large reconstruction in the streets and electri urban center systems starting 1860.In their paintings Gustavo Caillebotte, Paris A Rainy Day, 1877 and Camille Pissarro, La Place du family Francais, 1898 they provided a new dramatic city outlook for Paris. Many painters chose Paris streets to start their paintings, for example, there had so many people walking in and out of the streets. It really showed the urbanization city of Paris. Interested in making an imperial statement through his redesign of Paris and in facilitating the movement of troops in the event of another revolution (871). In fact, this is called Haussmannization.As Haussmann, the emperor of France, decided to rebuild all of Paris at that time period. The Impressionists depicted so many real Industrial and Urbanization to show the revolution in France during the Revolution period. The Industrial Revolution, which had made these technical advances possible, transformed Europe in the nineteenth century and influenced the lives and work of the Impressionists in a wide variety of moods. Railways started to proliferate mainly during the reign of Napoleon III. The result of the railways enabled the Impressionists to visit easily and frequently those places which became closely associated with them.Monet travel around the earth. The development of gas and lightning gave Impressionists a new freedom. Thanks to the development of railroads, Monet, Sisley, Renoir and Pissarro had a chance and were living together and working togeth er in the resorts. The semipolitical world the depression great assertion of this attitude, the French revolution, was followed by the rule of Napoleon, more autocratic and in art, the growth of feeling and sensibility apparent in the work of painters such as imposition of a hierarchy of subject- matter, and its general authoritarism. Shifting Social and Class of PeopleBecause of the industrial revolution, people earned a better income which led to the shift in social and economic class of people. From Georges Seurat, A Sunday on la Grande Jatte, 1884-1886. Impressionist painters wanted to capture the rapidly changing modern world and the fleeting moods of nature. Impressionism relied on optical blending to depict the fluctuations of light and consisted largely of views of everyday middle-class life in the city and countryside of France Seurat realized the shifting social and class relationships during the impressionism period.From his paint, on the left corner, a short sleeves wo rker was sit down with the middle class man and woman together. It illustrated that the social and class gap was shorten already. All Parisians from incompatible classes gathered together. By drawing this picture, it showed a real situation in history. As France opened its mo and export market to other countries in Europe, even in Japan, people can make more money. Seurat is using an analytical approach to draw this painting by using good relationship between color and line. Seurat was also avant-garde in the techniques that he used.He came up with the idea of pointillism, the using of dots to create a whole picture, and used it in all of his paintings. It fascinated the viewers of the time as it passive does today. He loved pure colorize and never mixed them. Instead, he would use many dissimilar color dots close together to form a different color. He was famous for using the paint straight from the tube. Monets brush strokes also classified him as avant-garde. His layering o f oils are thick and sometimes puddle when view up close, but when the viewer stands back they are actually more unified.New Techniques in Painting by the Impressionist While pointillism and brush strokes were new innovations in painting, there were other new techniques and inventions as well. First, there were paint extenders. Something that would make the paint thicker was definitely needed. Additives to thicken the paint were used for the first time by adding stabilizers. Barium sulphate was the most common stabilizer to be used and it increase the life of the paintings. Impressionist turned their backs on the old themes of religion, mythology, and historical events as their inspiration for their paintings.Instead, they chose real scenes in nature, still life, and portraits. It was the artistic period known as Realism, and the art must match the new thoughts in literature and music. The Industrial Revolution, the French Revolution, and the American Civil War were just a few of t he reasons that people of that time wanted to focus on things that were real. They had enough of the magical and mythical subjects offered by Romanticism. So the painters of the impressionistic Period gave them what they wanted. There paintings werent just about a subject, but they told a story.Most Impressionist painters chose to move their studios outside in the natural surroundings which would become the subjects of their paintings. They wanted to be in put contact with the subjects that they would immortalize in their art. Some wanted to be in fields, mountains, along or on water, while some moved right onto the busy streets of the city to catch everyday life as it really is. When the weather was uncooperative, painters like Monet and Renoir, and many others used glass to their advantage. In many instances their inside studios looked like glass rooms. Light was also a focus of the Impressionistic painters.They went to great lengths to ensure that they displayed the lighting at different times of day correctly. In fact they were many times more interested in the light than they were the actual subject. This led to many artist painting several different pictures of the same scene in nature. They wanted to make sure that it was captured perfectly at different times of the day, different weather, and different seasons. Another color technique used by the Impressionist painters was the use of the primary colors, blue, yellow and red, and they used them with the complementary colors of orange, green and purple.When used together, not blending, but along side of to each one other, they colors were created were numerous. When viewed at a distance, these colors blended perfectly, but when the viewer was close, the differences could be seen. This was a radical way to paint from the Romantics and their predecessors. Conclusion Impressionism was the first real break from traditions in the world of art. It introduced many new artists and each added his/her own varia tions to the art form. In fact, there were so many different types of Impressionism that is quite difficult to mother a blanket definition of the art.One thing that they all had in common was that they were different from the artists of the olden and they would influence artists of the future. They would directly influence the Modernist artist and those who were interested in Cubism. From their brush strokes to their fascination of light, the Impressionists were innovative. They allowed viewers of their art to look at paintings from a completely different point of view. Gone were the old days, and the new, realistic subjects were on the scene. While considered extreme at the time, most people came around in a short measuring of time.Impressionistic paintings are now seen as art in its purest form. These innovative artists gave the world many new techniques that are still used around the world, not just in Europe, where Impressionism began. The use of color and their thoughts on c olor were unique, but made sense when the final product was done. Impressionism is the form of art that most people are familiar with. Who hasnt heard of Monet, Renoir, or Seurat? It is amazing how an art form that was so different could go down in history as of the most admired.

Outsourcing Product Distribution the Right Way Essay Example for Free

Outsourcing Product Distribution the Right Way EssayChain online magazine Aug. 2, 2000 For net income companies that cannot afford to buy and store their inventory or hire an internal logistics staff, outsourcing the product dispersion accommodate can be either a smart business decision or a disaster. succeeder or failure in distribution depends on how carefully and continuously you sell this function to influence sure your distribution partners are doing the job that is expected.When distribution is not a core competency for your companionship and you do not have the resources to make it one, outsourcing the function can help your company grow by allowing you to focus on your mission-critical activities. There are two types of outsourcing that are common among start-ups traditional distribution and beadwork ship fulfillment (DSF). Traditional distribution outsourcing involves hiring a third party to store and distribute your products through with(predicate) its nati onal or international distribution network this party provides the staff, warehouses, distribution center and transportation fleet.The south type of outsourcing, DSF, has grown in parallel with B2C retailing over the Internet. With DSF, a start-up company sells a product, charges the customer, generates a purchase tell apart, and sends the PO to the manufacturer or supplier, who then fulfills the order by shipping the product presently to the customer. Since the start-up never possessed the product, the company does not incur any of the costs associated with storing or purchase the product. many another(prenominal) Internet start-ups have adopted this streamlined business model.Unfortunately, companies subscribe to be careful when choosing an outsourcing partner. Outsourcing is not a panacea if your third-party distributers procedures and performance are not carefully monitored, you risk permanently alienating the customers you have worked so hard to attract. The key to a su ccessful outsourcing relationship includes understanding the process, specifying objectives, establishing internal procedures for evaluating performance against objectives, and deploying systems that help to manage the function effectively. Watching Costs and ServiceIf the manufacturer or distributor, which may be the same company, fulfills the customers order correctly, everyone is happy. However, in most cases, there are problems in one or more of these key areas node service Another company may be distributing your products, but ultimately you are responsible for the customer relationship. True, your company does not have direct control over the distribution process, but the customer solo cares about receiving the product not who sent it or how it got there. If something goes wrong, you are responsible and essential do what is necessity to correct the situation. Shipping costs Most manufacturers are setup to ship truckloads or pallets of products, not double orders of a single product.There are also manufacturers that require you to purchase more products you need, others set ridiculously high prices for the service, and some simply will not ship the orders. In some cases, start-ups are kitting a number of products, not because it adds value for the customer, but because it pushes the dollar value of their order above a verge where the manufacturer will agree to DSF the products. Profitability Shipping costs directly affect your bottom line. umpteen start-ups are passing along the manufacturers shipping costs to their customers, raising the price of their products and putting themselves at a disadvantage in a competitive market. If the start-up does not pass along the entire cost, the shipping disbursal cuts into the profitability of every transaction. Getting Automated Help Successfully managing a third-party distributor requires establishing internal supervise processes and requiring that specific employees are responsible for this function. These employees should also be responsible for developing and deploying calculating machine systems to help automatise the management function. Here are five critical requirements for your outsourcing relationship with your distributor Establish measurable standards for distributor performance. Conduct periodic performance reviews. Visit distributor sites to check security procedures (only if the start-up owns the inventory). Monitor customer feedback and cheer levels. As sales volume grows, periodically revisit the decision to outsource the distribution function.The right computer system can improve your ability to manage the distribution function in three areas communication To allow you to automate communication with your suppliers and manufacturers, you must establish a back-end system. This means that you should not rely beneficial on basic email, generated by an employee, to track orders. For example, you send the supplier an email to check on a backlogged product, someone then emails you back with a response, and finally you re-key the information into your system imagine a handful of employees checking 500 products.To be more efficient, you need a system that will scale this function as your volume expands and will use automated email, fax, Web portals and/or EDI to communicate order information. Visibility You must know if a product is available before it is sold, and you cannot know this until you view your suppliers inventory to find out how much product you have been allocated and what is available. To do this, you need an application that provides you with visibility into your suppliers inventory tracking system. lead-in and Trace Customers want to know the status of their orderWhen was it shipped, where is it now, and when will I get it? If you want to bear customers, you need to be sure your computer system helps you manage returns, exchanges and refunds efficiently. A consulting organization that specializes in distribution an d transportation can help you setup effective internal processes and, if necessary, build and deploy the computer systems you need to manage an outsourced distribution function for maximum benefit.Part of a consultants value can be in the area of knowledge transfer, educating your organization on how the distribution and transportation function works at the macro instruction level and helping you set realistic expectations. In the final analysis, outsourcing the distribution function can make perfect sense for your small company but only if you remember not to outsource the responsibility of keeping your customers happy.

Dalit literature Essay Example for Free

Dalit publications EssayChaucer and the Elizabethan Age The Neo Classical Age The Romantic and the Victorian Ages Twentieth century Theory and practice of description 4 4 4 Max. mark Uni. CIA Exam. 25 75 25 75 25 75 6 6 30 4 3 19 25 25 125 75 75 375 degree Celsius 100 500 Ins. Hrs/ Week 6 6 6 Credit Total 100 100 100 I Year II Semester important Paper-5 main Paper-6 MAIN Paper-7 MAIN Paper-8 COMPULSORY account electoral Paper-2 position run-in and Linguistics Indian belles-lettres in English Shakespe atomic number 18 American literary productions clement Rights refreshed Literatures English 6 5 6 5 2 6 30 5 5 5 5 2 3 25 25 25 25 25 25 25 150 75 75 75 75 75 75 450 100 100 100 100 100.100 600 II year III Semester MAIN MAIN MAIN MAIN Paper-9 Paper-10 Paper-11 Paper-12 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 25 25 25 25 75 75 75 75 100 100 100 100 ELECTIVE Paper-3 body politic Literature literary Theory and Criticism I English vocabulary Teaching Literature, Analysis, Approaches and Applicat ions Film Reviews and Presentation 6 30 3 23 25 125 75 375 100 500 MAIN MAIN MAIN MAIN ELECTIVE Paper-13 Paper-14 Paper-15 Paper-16 Paper-4 (or) Project 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 3 25 25 25 25 25 75 75 75 75 75 100 100 100 100 100 30 23 125 375 500 II Year IV Semester literary Theory and Criticism II Soft Skills, Literature and Movies. World Classics in description Womens Writing in English phase of Literature Total 1 M. A. English syllabus (CBCS) Papers Credit Total Credits Marks Total marks MAIN 16 4-5 76 100 1600 ELECTIVE 4 3 12 100 400 COMPULSORY news report 1 2 2 100 100 21 90 2100 Subject Total 2 M. A. English course of instruction (CBCS) THIRUVALLUVAR UNIVERSITY M. A. ENGLISH SYLLABUS UNDER CBCS (with return from 2012-2013) SEMESTER I PAPER 1 CHAUCER AND THE ELIZABETHAN AGE Objectives Students atomic number 18 1. open(a) to early English literature with special reference to transition from middle English to the Elizabethan ethos.2. introduced to the earliest English writers through illustration texts 3. to gain a deeper knowledge of the writers and their works UNIT-I metrical composition 1. Chaucer Prologue to the Canterbury Tales The Knight, The Prioress, The Wife of Bath and the Doctor of Physic. 2. John Donne 1) The canonisation 2) Valediction Forbidding Mourning 3) Go and Catch a Falling Star UNIT-II verse 1. Edmund Spenser Prothalamion 2. Wyatt and Surrey As Sonneteers 3. Ballads 3 M. A. English broadcast (CBCS) UNIT-III PROSE 1. Bacon Of Truth, Of Adversity, Of Parents and Children, Of Ambition 2.The Gospel according to St. Mark (MacMillan Annotated Classics) 3. Thomas More The Utopia UNIT-IV gaming Webster The Duchess of Malfi UNIT-V DRAMA Ben Jonson The Alchemist 4 M. A. English programme (CBCS) PAPER 2 THE NEO CLASSICAL AGE Objectives Students are 1. exposed to the shift to the Classical tradition in literary and political terms 2. to appreciate the direful changes in literary social classs 3. trained to analyz e the trends in literary expression of the period UNIT-I poesy Milton (1608 1674) paradise Lost track record IX UNIT-II POETRY 1. Andrew Marvell (1621 1678) To His Coy Mistress2. John Dryden (1631 1695) Absalom and Achitophel 3. Pope (1688 1744) The Essay On Man Epistle II (II. 1 92) (Know then thyself. Our greatest evil or great trade good) UNIT-III PROSE 1. Addison and Steele The Coverley Papers Sir Roger at Church Sir Roger at the Assizes 2. Milton Areopagitica 3. Swift The Battle of the Books 5 M. A. English program (CBCS) UNIT-IV DRAMA 1. John Dryden All for Love 2. Richard Sheridan The Rivals UNIT-V illustration 1. Daniel Defoe (1660 1731) Robinson Crusoe 2. Swift (1667 1745) Gullivers Travels 6 M. A. English computer program (CBCS)PAPER 3 THE ROMANTIC AND THE VICTORIAN AGES Objectives Students are 1. to appreciate the influence of ever changing trends brought near by social and scientific teachings 2. to analyze diverse literary devices of these periods 3. to comprehend and analyze the dialectic amongst Neo Classicism and Romanticism 4. to gain indepth understanding of major writers of the 19th century UNIT-I POETRY 1. Wordsworth Tintern Abbey 2. Coleridge The frost of the Ancient Mariner 3. Shelley Ode to a Skylark 4. Keats Ode on a Grecian Urn 5. Tennyson Ulysses UNIT-II POETRY 1. Br takeing My uttermost Duchess2. Blake Night 3. D. G. Rossetti Infant Sorrow Blessed Damozel 4. Arnold The Scholar Gypsy Ref Victorian poets, ed. V. S. Seturaman, Macmillan Annotated Classics 7 M. A. English computer programme (CBCS) UNIT-III PROSE 1. Charles Lamb From Essays of Elia Dissertation on a Roast Pig unretentive Relations 2. Arnold From Culture and Anarchy Sweetness and Light 3. Thomas Carlyle On Shakespeare (from Victorian Prose ed. V. S. Sethuraman) UNIT-IV DRAMA Oscar Wilde chick Windermeres Fan UNIT-V FICTION 1. Jane Austen Emma 2. Dickens Pickwick Papers 3. Charlotte Bronte Jane Eyre 4. Walter Scott Ivanhoe 8 M. A. English programme (CBCS) PAPER 4 TWENTIETH CENTURY Objectives Students are 1. trained to acquire a working(a) understanding of the war age and their literary consequences 2. exposed to dominant literary traditions and authors of the 20th Century 3. to analytically appreciate mixed emerge literary trends and forms 4. introduced to futuristic thinking through a classic science illustration novel UNIT-I POETRY 1. W. B . Yeats 2. T. S Eliot 3. Wilfred Owen Easter 1916 Sailing to Byzantium The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock Strange Meeting UNIT-II POETRY 1. 2. 3. 4. Hopkins.Seamus Heaney Thom Gunn Stephen spendthrift Wreck of the Deutschland The Tollund Man On the Move I think continually of those who are truly great. UNIT-III PROSE 1. Orwell 2. D. H. Lawrence 3. C. P. ampere-second Politics and the English wording Why the refreshed Matters Two Cultures UNIT-IV DRAMA 1. Beckett 2. T. S. Eliot Waiting For Godot The Family Reunion 9 M. A. English S yllabus (CBCS) UNIT-V FICTION 1. Virginia Woolf Mrs. Dalloway 2. D. H. Lawrence Sons and Lovers 3. Arthur C. Clarke Childhoods End 10 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) ELECTIVE PAPER 1 THEORY AND PRACTICE OF TRANSLATIONObjectives Students are trained 1. to gain a working knowledge of the origin and development of translation 2. in the various theories and techniques of translation 3. to be able to provide literary and non-literary texts from English into an Indian spoken dustup and vice-versa UNIT-I History of interlingual rendition Origin and development of translation in the West Origin and development of translation in the Indian context UNIT-II Theories of Translation Catford Nida Newmark UNIT-III Translation of Literary Aesthetic Texts Problems and Techniques Translation of Religious Texts in India.Translation of Poetry Translation of Fiction Translation of Plays UNIT-IV Translation of Scientific Technical Texts Problems and Techniques Translation of Scientific Tex ts Translation of Social Sciences Texts Translation of Official Circulars, Agenda, Minutes Translation of Commercial, Financial documents and Legal texts 11 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) UNIT-V New trends Assessment of Translation Computer assisted Translation Reference Susan Bassnett McGuire, Translation Studies J. C. Catford, A Linguistic Theory of Translation E. A. Nida, Towards a Science of Translation (1964) E. A. Nida and C.Taber, The Theory and Practice of Translation (1974) Peter Newmark, Approaches to Translation (1981) A. Duff, The Third Language (1961) Ayyappa Panicker, ed. Indian Literature (1995) 12 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) II SEMESTER PAPER 5 ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTICS Objectives Students are exposed to 1. the evolution of the English language at a deeper level, updating what has been learnt at the UG level 2. the intricacies of articulating English sounds, enable them to speak better 3. levels of linguistic analyses, preparing them to become effective teachers UNIT-I THE HISTORY OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE.Descent of English language Old English Period Middle English Renaissance After Growth of Vocabulary tilt of Meaning Evolution of Standard English. Recommended Reading F. T Wood An Outline History of English Language UNIT-II PHONOLOGY Cardinal Vowels, English Vowels, Diphthongs and Consonants, Transcription, Syllable UNIT-III PHONOLOGY Received Pronunciation and the need for a model, Accent, Rhythm and Intonation, Assimilation, Elision, touch and Juncture. Recommended Reading T. Balasubramanian A Textbook of English Ph anetics for Indian Students (Chapter 3-17) 13 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS)UNIT-IV LEVELS OF LINGUISTIC psychoanalysis Morphology, Sentences and their relegates, words, phrases and clauses, phrases, Semantics, Pragmatics Discourse Analysis Recommended Reading Geroge Yule The Study of Language (Chapters 8-13) (Second Edition Cambridge University Press, 1996) Quirk Greenbaum. A University Grammar of English UN IT-V SOCIOLINGUISTICS Language varieties language, society and culture. Recommended Reading George Yule The Study of Language (Chapter 20 21) Second Ed. CUP, 1996) Verma and Krishnaswamy red-brick Linguistics (Units 42 45). 14 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) PAPER 6 INDIAN LITERATURE IN ENGLISHObjectives Students are 1. introduced to a wider range of works in Indian Literature in English 2. exposed to a equilibrize textual study of established and contemporary writers 3. enabled to acquire a ho tipic perception of Indian Literature in English in preparation for a teaching or question travel UNIT-I POETRY 1. Aurobindo Thought the Paraclete 2. Nissim Ezekiel Poet, Lover, shuttlecock Watcher 3. A. K. Ramanujan Anxiety (from selected poems OUP, 1995,p. 29, pp. 124-25) 4. Arun Kolatkar From Jeiury 1. The Bus 2. A Scratch 5. Rabindranath Tagore Gitanjali UNIT-II POETRY 1. Daruwalla Hawk (from The Anthgology of Twelve.Modern Indian Poets ed. A. K. Mehotra, OUP (1992) 2. Suja tha Bhat The Star (from Monkey Shadows, Penguin India, 1993 pp 13-15) 3. Mamta Kalia Tribute to Papa (from Nine Indian Women 15 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) Poets ed. Eunice DSouza, OUP, 1997, pp. 2021) UNIT-III PROSE 1. Nehru Discovery of India (Ch. 2 and 3) 2. B. R. Ambedkar Extracts 4,5 and 6 (from Annihilation of Caste Ed. Mulk Raj Anand. Delhi Arnold Publishers, 1990, pp. 47-54) UNIT-IV DRAMA 1. Karnad Nagamandala 2. Mahashweta Devi Rudali (Calcutta Seagull, 1999) UNIT-V FICTION 1. R. K. Narayan The English teacher 2.Chetan Bhaghat One Night the Call Centre 16 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) PAPER 7 SHAKESPEARE Objectives Students are 1. enabled to establish Shakespeares contribution to development of English literature and language. 2. to gain knowledge and understanding essential to explain his dramatic skills 3. to identify and explain meaning-making and communicative strategies in the prescribed plays 4. point to a concrete understanding of his universality which in this context means his ability to communicate to a far wider spectrum of populate 5. prompted to recognise and appreciate his skills as a wordsmith 6.trained to identify passages (from the prescribed plays) that can be use as case studies to understand and practice soft and communicative skills. UNIT-I As You Like It UNIT-II Othello UNIT-III Richard III UNIT-IV The passs Tale UNIT-V 1. The Elizabethan Theatre and Audience 2. Trends in Shakespeare Studies 17 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) PAPER 8 AMERICAN LITERATURE Objectives Students are 1. to explore the uniqueness of American literature at an in advance(p) level 2. trained to analyze the American mind in its important facets 3. enabled to appreciate mutually respectable relationship between India and the U.S. , through the literary medium 4. introduced to American Science Fiction through one of the most representative texts UNIT-I POETRY 1. 2. 3. 4. Walt Whitman Emily Dickinson Robert Frost Wallace Stevens Cros sing Brooklyn Ferry Success is counted sweetest Home Burial myth of the Jar UNIT-II POETRY1. e. e. cummings 2. Amiri Baraka 3. Gwendolyn Brooks Any one lived in a pretty how townsfolk An Agony as Now Kitchenette Building UNIT-III PROSE 1. R. W. Emerson 2. H. D. Thoreau 3. Allan Bloom Self Reliance Walden (Selected Chapters 1,2 and 17) Nietzscheanization of the Left or Vice-Versa(from the closure of the American Mind 1987) 18 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) UNIT-IV DRAMA 1. Eugene ONeill 2. Arthur Miller Hairy caricature The Crucible UNIT-V FICTION 1. Mark Twain 2. W. Faulkner 3. Isaac Asimov Adventures of Huckleberry Finn The Sound and the Fury The Caves of Steel 19 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) HUMAN RIGHTS COMPULSORY PAPER UNIT-I Definition of clement Rights Nature, Content, Legitimacy and Priority Theories on Human Rights diachronic Development of Human Rights. UNIT-II world(prenominal) Human Rights Prescription and Enforcement upto World War II Human Rights and the U . N . O. Universal Declaration of Human Rights multinational Covenant on Civil and Political Rights foreign Convenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights and Optional Protocol. UNIT-III Human Rights Declarations U. N. Human Rights Declarations U. N. Human Commissioner. UNIT-IV free pardon entombnational Human Rights and Helsinki Process Regional Developments European Human Rights System African Human Rights System International Human Rights in Domestic courts. UNIT-V Contemporary Issues on Human Rights Childrens Rights Womens Rights Dalits Rights Bonded task and Wages Refugees Capital Punishment. original Rights in the Indian Constitution Directive Principles of State Policy Fundamental Duties National Human Rights Commission. 20 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) Books for Reference 1. International Bill of Human Rights, Amnesty International Publication, 1988. 2. Human Rights, Questions and Answers, UNESCO, 1982 3. Mausice Cranston What is Hum an Rights 4. Desai, A. R. Violation of Democratic Rights in India 5. Pandey Constitutional Law. 6. Timm. R. W. Working for Justice and Human Rights. 7. Human Rights, A Selected Bibliography, USIS. 8. J. C. Johari. Human Rights and New World Order. 9. G. S. Bajwa Human Rights in India. 10. Amnesty International, Human Rights in India. 11. P. C. Sinha International Encyclopedia of Peace, Security K. Cheous (Ed) Social Justice and Human Rights (Vols 1-7). 12. Devasia, V. V. Human Rights and Victimology. Magazines 1. 2. 3. 4. The Lawyer, Bombay Human Rights Today, Columbia University International Instruments of Human Rights, UN Publication Human Rights Quarterly, John Hopkins University, U. S. A. 21 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) ELECTIVE PAPER 3 NEW LITERATURES IN ENGLISH ObjectivesStudents are introduced to contemporary and complex writers and their works spanning all the commonwealth countries. If selected for study, this musical theme will enable the student to acquire a hi ghly comprehensive knowledge of commonwealth literature, enhancing their receipt of the paper on commonwealth literature in the III semester, and also providing them with sufficient knowledge place for pursuing research or teaching. UNIT-I POETRY 1. Australia Judith Wright At Cooloola 2. New Zealand James Baxter The Ikons 3. Allen Curnow House and Land UNIT-II POETRY 1. Canada Al Purdy Lament for the Dorsets (EskimosExtinct in the 14th Century AD)(from Norton Anthology of Modern Poetry) 2. Africa Kofi Awoonor Song of War The Weaver Bird (from Penguin Anthology of Modern Poetry- Africa. Eds. Gerald Moore and Ulli Beier. ) 3. ace Nichols West Indies Grace Nichols Of course, when they ask for poems (from Six Women Poets. Ed. Judith Kinsman, OUP, 1992, pp. 41 -43) 22 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) UNIT-III PROSE 1. Africa Achebe Colonialist Criticism (from Post Colonial Studies Reader eds. Helen Tiffin, Chris Tiffin Bill Ashcroft) 2. West Indies V. S. Naipaul-India A Wounded nuance UNIT-IV DRAMA.Australia Louis Nowra Radiance J. P. Clarke Song of a goat UNIT-V FICTION Africa-Koetzee Disgrace Canada-Maragaret Laurence The Stone Angel Australia-Peter Carey Oscar and Lucinda 23 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) III SEMESTER PAPER 9 COMMONWEALTH LITERATURE Objectives Students are 1. exposed to the literatures of the Commonwealth 2. introduced to the postcolonial perceptions of a wide range of people whose second language is English 3. trained to develop comparative perspectives 4. prepare to discuss the question of identity and dominance of landscape in Commonwealth literature UNIT-I POETRY.Australia A. D. Hope Australia New Zealand Jessie Mackay The Noosing of the sun-god Africa Abioseh Nicol The Continent that lies within us UNIT-II POETRY Africa David Rubadiri A Negro labourer in Liverpool Dereck Walcott Ruins of a Great House Canada F. R. Scott The Canadian Authors Meet (from Anthology of Commonwealth Verse ed. Margaret O Donnell An Anthology of Commonwealth Poetry ed. C. D. Narasimhaiah) UNIT-III PROSE Sri Lanka Ananda The Dance of Shiva Coomaraswami 24 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) UNIT-IV DRAMA Nigeria Wole Soyinka The Lion and the Jewel UNIT-V FICTION.Canada Margaret Atwood ascend Australia Patrick White Voss 25 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) PAPER 10 literary THEORY AND CRITICISM I Objectives Students are 1. introduced to one of the most enabling forms of literary study 2. exposed to the complexities of literary theory and criticism, which is most essential aspect of literary appreciation 3. trained to understand and analyze literary writings ground on the ever evolving traditions of criticism 4. enabled to form a comparative perspective of the Eastern and Western hyper life-sustaining traditions UNIT-I Introduction to Classical Literary Criticism UNIT-II.Ancient Tamil and Sanskrit Criticism UNIT-III Johnson Preface to Shakespeare Wordsworth Preface to the melodious Ballads U NIT-IV Arnold Study of Poetry T. S. Eliot Tradition and Individual Talent UNIT-V N. Frye Archetypes of Literature 26 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) PAPER 11 ENGLISH LANGUAGE TEACHING Objectives Students are 1. expected to acquire the essentials of teaching English as a second / foreign language 2. to internalize the various methods of English language teaching, theory as well as practice 3. trained to appreciate the area specific feature of ELT, in the Indian context, to become able teachers.4. Problems and Principles UNIT-I The role of English in India English teaching in India today UNIT-II Theories of language learning cognitive-theory behaviouristic theory. First language acquisition and second language learning Attitudes to error Inter language UNIT-III Approaches and Methods Grammar Translation Audio-lingual Communicative and Current Trends UNIT-IV Classroom Management and Teacher Student fundamental interaction Materials Production 27 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) UNIT- V Reading, Writing, Testimony, Speaking, Study Skills, Literature, Remediation Recommended Reading Howall A. P. R.A History of English Language Teaching, OUP, 1984. Richards, J and Rodgers, S. Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching, Cambridge University Press, 2001. Ellis, R. Understanding Second Language Acquisition, London, OUP, 1985. Pit Corder, S. Introducing Applied Linguistics, Harmondsworth, Penguin, 1973. Edinburgh channel in Appied Linguistics Vols. 1,2,3,4. Yalden, 1. The Communicative Syllabus Evolution Design Implementations. Penguin, 1983. Oller J. W. Jr. Language Tests at School, London, Longman, 1979. David Nunan, Language Teaching Methodology, Prentice Hall, 1991. 28 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS)PAPER 12 LITERATURE, ANALYSIS, APPROACHES AND APPLICATIONS Objectives Students are 1. introduced to the methodologies of analysis, an integral part of literary appreciation 2. exposed to the expected levels of performance required in them 3. head uped to the ever s iding career options opening to a PG in English, especially in the Knowledge Processing Industry for writers, editors, instructional designers and so on UNIT-I Practical Criticism UNIT-II Journalism and Mass Communication UNIT-III Report Writing and Book Review UNIT-IV Proofreading, Editing and Advertising UNIT-V TECHNICAL WRITINGSpecs, Manuals, Business correspondence 29 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) ELECTIVE PAPER 3 FILM REVIEWS AND PRESENTATION Objectives Students are 1. exposed to the newly emerging sketch of film studies 2. introduced to the technicalities of making and appreciation of cinema 3. trained to become reviewers, opening up another career option UNIT-I History of Cinema in India UNIT-II Major Landmarks in Indian Cinema UNIT-III What is Film Reviewing? UNIT-IV literal reviewing by showing film clips UNIT-V The script, storyline, acting, costumes, dialogue, visuals, music and dance, graphics and special effects 30 M. A.English Syllabus (CBCS) IV SEMESTER PAPER 13 LITERARY THEORY AND CRITICISM II Objectives In addition to the objectives for Literary Theory and Criticism I Students are 1. sensitized to the transition from Humanistic to Modern and Postmodern critical traditions 2. enabled to comprehend the dominance of theory in the Postmodern phase 3. introduced to recent contexts, concepts and ideologies UNIT-I Lionel Trilling Sense of the prehistoric Cleanth Brooks The Language of Paradox UNIT-II Georg Lukacs Ideology of Modernism UNIT-III Jacques Lacan Of Structure as an Inmixing of an Otherness Prerequisite to whatever Subject Whatever UNIT-IV.Barthes Death of the Author UNIT-V Simone de Beauvoir Introduction to The Second Sex 31 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) PAPER 14 SOFT SKILLS, LITERATURE AND MOVIES Objectives Students are 1. trained to understand the aspects of soft skills 2. exposed to the actualities of the various skills grouped under the rubric Soft Skills 3. motivated, through this paper, to empower themselves with the exp ected skills for suitable employment 4. oriented to recognize and locate the role of soft skills in real life situations UNIT-I INTRAPERSONAL Self-management, self-esteem, self-awareness, self-regulation, self-critique,Jane Eyre UNIT-II EMPATHY Honesty, cultural diversity, Ability to fill up others point of view, integrating cognitive and affective skills, Nelli in Wuthering Heights UNIT-III INTERPERSONAL squad work, persuasion, negotiation, conflict resolution, Reading social situations, learning to say no, active listening, Rosalind, Portia and Viola UNIT-IV COMMUNICATION Body language, facial expression, humour, eye contact, tone of voice, etiquette, 1. Antony and Cleopatra (Movie) 2. To Sir with Love (Movie) 3. Dead Poets Society (Movie) UNIT-V LEADERSHIPCritical, lateral, strategic thinking delegation winning responsibility giving praise and appreciation giving and receiving feedback ability to motivate conundrum solving, Things Fall apart Achebe. 32 M. A. English Sy llabus (CBCS) References Daniel Coleman. Working with Emotional Intelligence. Dale Carnegie. How to Develop Self Confidence and Influence the great unwashed by Public Speaking. 1926. rpt. 1956. Pocket Books. 33 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS)PAPER 15 WORLD CLASSICS IN TRANSLATION Objectives Enable the students to appreciate the writings for them literary values, cultural importance, philosophical and socio-political background tofacilitate the development of cross-cultural perspectives. UNIT-I Poetry Homer The Sliad Book III Virgil The Aeveid Book IV (438-563) Thiruvalluvar Thirukkural Book II UNIT-II Dante The cavity (Canto III) Gibran The Prophet UNIT-III PROSE St. Augustine The Confessions Book I Confucius Analects 1, 2 Harace As Poetria UNIT-IV DRAMA Anton Chekov The Cherry Orchid Kalidasa Sahuntala Aristophanes The Clouds UNIT-V FICTION Leo Tolstoy Anna Karenina Books (1 2) Thomas Mann Magic Mountain 34 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) PAPER 16 WOMENS WRITING I N ENGLISH UNIT-I POETRY Elizabeth Barret Browming.Ways. How Do I Love Thee? Let me count the Sylvia Plath dame Lazarus Maya Angelou Phenomenal Woman Kamala Das Introduction Toru Dutt Sita UNIT-II PROSE Virginia Woolf A Room of Ones Own Arundhathi Roy The Algebra of interminable Justice. UNIT-III DRAMA Mahashweta Devi Mother of 1084 Caryll Churchill Top Girls UNIT-IV FICTION Jhumpa Lahiri The Namesake Margaret Atwood The Handmaids Tale UNIT-V GENERAL Mary Woolstone chicane The Vindication of the Rights of Women Elaine Showalter Toward a Feminist Poetics 35 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) ELECTIVE PAPER 4 kind OF LITERATURE Objectives.Students are 1. enabled to acquaint themselves with the major generic divisions in English literature 2. trained in the universally acknowledged conventions of literary research and documentation UNIT-I THE ANATOMY OF PROSE The form of prose vocabulary grammar and idiom written and spoken prose the paragraph prose rhythm individu al and common port common style and cheap style simplicity and ornamentation objective and subjective abstract and concrete realism, romance and unreality special inventions prose for its own sake the historical approach the science of rhetoric writing prose.UNIT-II THE ANATOMY OF POETRY The importance of form the physical form of poetry metre variation rhyme onomatopoeia internal pattern form in intonation repetition the main types of poetry logical sequence the use of associations patterns of imagery traditional verse forms free verse the choice of words illustrations cautions twentieth century techniques. UNIT-III THE ANATOMY OF NOVEL The concept of fiction verisimilitude the point of view plot character character revealed conversation scene and background dominant themes the data-based novel 36.M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) UNIT-IV THE ANATOMY OF DRAMA Live literature action plots conventional divisions direct experience of characters d ialogue and conversation verse and prose types of drama drama and history use of notes interpretation UNIT-V LITERARY RESEARCH Research and writing the mechanics of writing the format of the research paper documentation preparing the list of works cited documentation citing sources in the text abbreviations Reference Marjorie Boulton, The Anatomy of Prose (1954).Marjorie Boulton, The Anatomy of Poetry (1953) Marjorie Boulton, The Anatomy of Novel Marjorie Boulton, The Anatomy of Drama (1960) Joseph Gibaldi, MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 6th Ed. 37 M. A. English Syllabus (CBCS) PROJECT dissertation Objective Project Work is a preparatory exercise for research writing. Students are introduced to the basics of research and trained to write academically following the framework given below 1. Introduction 2. Statement of the problem 3. Review of Literature 4. Analysis 5. Summary, findings and suggestions.